How to Run Only Unmarked Tests In Pytest?

To run only unmarked tests in pytest, you can use the -m flag with the expression not marked. This will run all tests that are not marked with any markers. For example, you can run the command pytest -m "not marked" to execute only the unmarked tests in your test suite. This can be useful when you want to focus on running specific tests that have not been categorized or labeled with any markers. Additionally, you can also use the -m flag with specific markers to run only tests that are marked with those markers.

What is the purpose of test markers in pytest?

Test markers in pytest are used to categorize and filter tests based on their traits or characteristics. They can be used to mark specific tests as belonging to a certain category, such as performance tests, regression tests, or smoke tests. Test markers can also be used to skip certain tests, run them in a specific order, or execute them conditionally based on certain factors. This helps in organizing and managing tests more effectively, making it easier to run specific sets of tests or exclude certain tests when needed.

How to configure test markers in pytest?

To configure test markers in pytest, you can use the pytest.mark decorator along with custom markers defined in your test module. Here are the steps to configure test markers in pytest:

1. Define custom markers in your test module or conftest.py file:

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import pytest

@pytest.mark.feature1
@pytest.mark.feature2
def test_function():
    assert True

1. Use the custom markers in your test functions by decorating them with pytest.mark:

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import pytest

@pytest.mark.feature1
def test_feature1():
    assert True

@pytest.mark.feature2
def test_feature2():
    assert True

1. Run pytest with the -m flag to select tests based on markers:

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pytest -m feature1

This command will run only the tests marked with @pytest.mark.feature1. You can also use logical operators to run tests with multiple markers:

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pytest -m "feature1 and feature2"

By configuring test markers in pytest, you can easily organize and select tests based on different criteria, such as features, components, or environments.

What is the purpose of the --collect-only option in pytest?

The purpose of the --collect-only option in pytest is to enable a mode where pytest only collects and displays information about the test items (like test functions, test classes, and modules) that would be executed during a test run, without actually running the tests. This can be useful for inspecting the test collection process and verifying that all the necessary test items are being collected properly before running the tests.

How to list available markers in pytest?

To list available markers in pytest, you can use the following command in your terminal:

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pytest --markers

This command will display a list of all the markers that are available for use in your pytest project. These markers can be used to tag and organize your tests, making it easier to run specific groups of tests or to skip certain tests based on their associated markers.

How to skip a test conditionally in pytest?

To skip a test conditionally in pytest, you can use the pytest.mark.skipif decorator. You can specify a condition that will determine whether the test should be skipped or not.

Here's an example of how you can skip a test based on a condition:

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import pytest

@pytest.mark.skipif(condition, reason="Reason for skipping the test")
def test_my_function():
    # Test code here

In the @pytest.mark.skipif decorator, condition should be a boolean expression that determines whether the test should be skipped or not. If the condition is True, the test will be skipped and the reason specified will be displayed in the test results.

Alternatively, you can also use an if statement within the test function to skip the test conditionally. You can use the pytest.skip() function to explicitly skip the test:

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import pytest

def test_my_function():
    if condition:
        pytest.skip("Reason for skipping the test")
    
    # Test code here

Using either of these methods, you can skip a test conditionally in pytest based on the specified conditions.

How to match test names using the -k option in pytest?

In pytest, the -k option allows you to specify a substring to match test names. Here's how you can use the -k option to match test names:

1. Run pytest with the -k option followed by the substring you want to match against test names. For example, if you want to run tests that have "api" in their names, you can use the following command:

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pytest -k "api"

1. You can also use the -k option with regular expressions to match test names. For example, if you want to run tests that start with "test_" followed by any word characters, you can use the following command:

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pytest -k "test_\w+"

1. If you want to match test names that do not contain a specific substring, you can use the "not" keyword followed by the substring. For example, if you want to run tests that do not have "slow" in their names, you can use the following command:

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pytest -k "not slow"

By using the -k option in pytest, you can easily filter and run specific tests based on their names or patterns.